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KMID : 0379520230390020179
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한국독성학회지
2023 Volume.39 No. 2 p.179 ~ p.190
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Saline extract of Portulaca elatior leaves with photoprotective and antioxidant activities does not show acute oral and dermal toxicity in mice
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Xiaoqi Tao
Hai Wu
Anderson Felipe Soares de Freitas
Jose Dayvid Ferreira da Silva
Qingling Zhong
Wenio Sandoval Filho Lima da Silva
Janaina Carla Barbosa Machado
Sandra Maria Souza da Silva
Magda Rhayanny Assuncao Ferreira
Luiz Alberto Lira Soares
Jacinto da Costa Silva Neto
Marcia Vanusa da Silva
Alisson Macario de Oliveira
Patricia Maria Guedes Paiva
Thiago Henrique Napoleao
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Abstract
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The present study aimed to evaluate saline extracts from the leaves (LE) and stem (SE) of Portulaca elatior in relation to their phytochemical composition and photoprotective and antioxidant effects, as well as to evaluate the toxicity of the leaf extract. The extracts were characterized for protein concentration and phenol and flavonoid contents, as well as for thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profiles. Total antioxidant capacity and DPPH and ABTS+ scavenging activities were determined. In the photoprotective activity assay, the sun protection factor (SPF) was calculated. The toxicity evaluation of LE included in vitro hemolytic assay and in vivo oral and dermal acute toxicity assays in Swiss mice. LE showed the highest protein, phenol, and flavonoid (8.79 mg/mL, 323.46 mg GAE/g, and 101.96 QE/g, respectively). TLC revealed the presence of flavonoids, reducing sugars, terpenes, and steroids in both extracts. In HPLC profiles, LE contained flavonoids, while SE contained flavonoids and ellagic tannins. The antioxidant activity assays showed the lowest IC50 values ?(34.15?413.3 μg/mL) for LE, which presented relevant SPF (>?6) at 50 and 100 μg/mL. LE demonstrated low hemolytic capacity, and no signs of intoxication were observed in mice treated orally or topically at 1000 mg/kg. However, at 2000 mg/kg, an increase in the mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes and a reduction in lymphocytes were observed; animals treated topically with 2000 mg/kg displayed scratching behavior during the first hour of observation and showed edema and erythema that regressed after six days. In conclusion, LE did not present acute oral or dermal toxicity in Swiss mice at a dose of 1000 mg/kg and showed slight toxicity in animals treated with 2000 mg/kg.
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KEYWORD
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Safety assessment, Dermal irritation, Caatinga, Portulacaceae
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